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Aristotle
Greek philosopher
Aristotle384 BC , Stagira , Macedonia
322 BC , Chalcis , Greece
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Bust of Aristotle
Born in Stagira , the Macedonian peninsula of Chalkidiki ( so it is also called the Stagirite ) . He was the son of Nicomachus , friend and personal physician to King Amyntas 2 , Philip 's father and grandfather of Alexander the Great .
At 16 or 17, Aristotle moved to Athens, then the intellectual and artistic center of Greece , and studied at the Academy of Plato to the master's death in the year 347 BC
He then spent some time in Assos , on the coast of Asia Minor ( modern Turkey) , where he married Pythias , the niece of the local tyrant . This being assassinated , the philosopher fled to Mytilene on the island of Lesbos . Was then invited to the court of Macedonia where for three years he served as tutor of Alexander , later " the Great" .
In 335 BC he returned to Athens and founded next to the temple of Apollo Licio , where he received his school name : Lyceum. The covered walkway ( " peripatos " ) where I used to walk to school while teaching gave another name : Peripatetic . The school would become a rival while the true heir of the Platonic Academy .
With the death of Alexander in 323 BC, the immense empire erected by him was shattered . In Athens broke a movement that aimed to restore the independence of the city-state . Disliked by the Athenians for their Macedonian origin, was accused of " atheism " or " wickedness " . To not have the same order of Socrates , condemned to suicide , he went into exile voluntarily Cálcida on the island of Euboea , where he died a year later .
Aristotle is considered one of the most prolific thinkers of all time . His philosophical investigations gave rise to many areas of knowledge . Among others, one can mention biology, zoology, physics, natural history, poetry , psychology , let alone properly philosophical disciplines such as ethics , political theory , aesthetics and metaphysics.
Each of these areas is discussed in detail by the philosopher . His investigations often exploratory and did not reach definitive conclusions . In general , Aristotle made a list of hypotheses already mentioned about a certain subject and showed their inconsistency for, then , seek answers that preserved the best analyzed .
The works of Aristotle that have survived were obtained from the author's own notes for their classes , the textbooks , notes of the disciples , or a mixture of several sources . His works stand out " Organon " , dedicated to the formal logic ; " Nicomachean Ethics " ( whose title indicates the theme ; Nicomachean was also the name of his son ), " Poetics " and " Politics " .
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